Several types of knee braces are available, each designed to address specific needs, ranging from injury prevention to rehabilitation. Hinged knee braces, a common type, are versatile and can be classified as prophylactic, functional, or rehabilitative. Prophylactic braces prevent injuries, particularly in high-risk activities, or reduce the severity of knee injuries in contact sports. On the other hand, functional braces stabilize injured tissues, allowing the user to continue some level of physical activity while promoting healing. Rehabilitative braces offer protection and controlled motion during recovery after surgery or injury. In many cases, a single brace can serve multiple functions depending on how it is used, such as providing support after an injury or preventing recurrent sprains when an athlete returns to sports (Beynnon et al., 1992). Fabric-based and prophylactic braces are often prescribed to manage instability after bone or soft tissue injuries to the knee, enhancing dynamic balance and stability during motion.

In addition to hinged knee braces, patellofemoral braces are commonly used to address issues specific to the kneecap. These braces are indicated for conditions such as patellar subluxation, where the kneecap partially dislocates, patellar tendonitis, and chondromalacia of the patella, which refers to the softening and breakdown of cartilage on the underside of the kneecap. Patellofemoral braces are also used to manage post-surgical effusion, helping to control swelling after procedures involving the knee. These braces provide targeted support around the patella, helping relieve pain and prevent further displacement during movement, making them valuable in athletic and non-athletic populations who suffer from patellar-related issues.